I hate to say it, but I don't know what brand these are. If someone can add something, please do.
Fenders/mudguards are absolutely worth it if someone commutes or will see wet roads with any frequency. Many provide poor coverage, with the ends, especially the front fender/mudguard being far too high, allowing the rider's feet to become wet and fouling the drivetrain at the crank. Good fenders will have a flap that extends way down.
They're a PITA to set up properly but once done, they're practically invisible to the rider in terms of the overall experience.
This is my Indy Fab. At this point it's Seven years old almost to the day. I had it built with fenders and large tires as part of the spec. There are ultimately compromises involved but this bike is a terrific bike for the wet miles.
As to compromises? They're occasionally finicky to set up. They add weight and aero drag. It's minimal but noticeable. But on wet riding days it's not important. I had some of the aluminum kind that people rave about. I hated them because they felt super flimsy and rattled with the aluminum installation rods and leather washers. No fender really looks good. Some look more attractive than others. The ones I have are ugly as sin but super effective. These are 38mm tires.
You do want several millimeters of tire clearance, perhaps up to a centimeter. More and you get spray. Less and sand and grit grinds on the inside of the fender.
If you get a custom, make sure the builder knows you want fenders and what size tire you want. It matters for spacing. This Indy Fab is 43.5 cm chain stays to accommodate the fenders and fatish tires. The fork is also important. Communicate this stuff well so the bike can be sized properly. Without these designed into the frame, installation can be even more problematic.
Hope this helps answer some of the OP's questions.

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